这个可能是容易被忽略的问题,首选我们要清楚:
mysql中,and的执行优先级高于or。也就是说,在没有小括号()的限制下,总是优先执行and语句,再执行or语句。
比如:
select * from table where 条件1 and 条件2 or 条件3 等价于 select * from table where ( 条件1 and 条件2 ) or 条件3 select * from table where 条件1 and 条件2 or 条件3 and 条件4 等价于 select * from table where ( 条件1 and 条件2 ) or ( 条件3 and 条件4 )
来点事例深入理解下:
测试表数据:
set names utf8mb4; set foreign_key_checks = 0; -- ---------------------------- -- table structure for book -- ---------------------------- drop table if exists `book`; create table `book` ( `id` int(10) unsigned not null auto_increment, `name` varchar(25) character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci default null, `author` varchar(25) character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci default null, `price` decimal(10, 2) default null, primary key (`id`) using btree ) engine = innodb character set = utf8mb4 collate = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci row_format = dynamic; -- ---------------------------- -- records of book -- ---------------------------- insert into `book` values (1, 'php', 'mate', 21.00); insert into `book` values (2, 'java', 'kaven', 23.00); insert into `book` values (3, 'java高级', 'loose', 45.00); insert into `book` values (4, 'go', 'jim', 46.00); insert into `book` values (5, 'go设计', 'json', 76.00); insert into `book` values (6, 'php高级编程', 'bate', 67.00); insert into `book` values (7, 'python', 'jim', 66.00); insert into `book` values (8, 'python设计', 'mali', 54.00); insert into `book` values (9, 'go编程', 'kaven', 86.00); insert into `book` values (11, 'python3', 'jim', 55.00); set foreign_key_checks = 1;
查询方式1:
select * from book where author='jim' or author='json' and name='php';
上面的查询等价于:
select * from book where author='jim' or (author='json' and name='php');
那么上面的查询结果就很好理解了。
查询方式2:
select * from book where name='php' and author='jim' or author='json';
上面的查询等价于:
select * from book where (name='php' and author='jim') or author='json';
查询方式3:
select * from book where name='go' and (author='jim' or author='json');
这个就很好理解了。了解and or的优先级。这些查询也就不是呢么”理解混淆”了。
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