今天因为工作原因，需要部署一个rman catalog库，对另一个进行备份，正好复习下手工建库。
全部过程记录如下：
一、手工创建【catadb】数据库
1.1创建密码文件orapwcatadb
[oracle@db1 dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwcatadb password=oracle entries=30 [oracle@db1 dbs]$ ll total 40 -rw-rw----. 1 oracle oinstall 1544 sep 18 10:44 hc_oradb3.dat -rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 2851 may 15 2009 init.ora -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 24 sep 15 14:42 lkoradb3 -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5120 sep 20 10:32 orapwcatadb -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1536 sep 15 14:45 orapworadb3 -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 2560 sep 18 10:45 spfileoradb3.ora
1.2生成初始化参数文件并修改
[oracle@db1 dbs]$ cat init.ora |grep -v ^$ |grep -v ^# >initcatadb.ora [oracle@db1 dbs]$ cat initcatadb.ora db_name='catadb' memory_target=1g processes = 150 audit_file_dest='$oracle_base/admin/catadb/adump' audit_trail ='db' db_block_size=8192 db_domain='' db_recovery_file_dest='$oracle_base/fast_recovery_area' db_recovery_file_dest_size=2g diagnostic_dest='$oracle_base' dispatchers='(protocol=tcp) (service=catadbxdb)' open_cursors=300 remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive' undo_tablespace='undotbs' control_files = '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/ora_control1.ctl', '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/ora_control2.ctl' compatible ='11.2.0'
1.3 创建相关目录
[oracle@db1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $oracle_base/admin/catadb/adump [oracle@db1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $oracle_base/fast_recovery_area [oracle@db1 dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/
1.4 参照官方文档脚本创建建库sql脚本
[oracle@db1 dbs]$ cat crdb.sql
create database catadb
user sys identified by oracle
user system identified by oracle
logfile group 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/redo01a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/redo01b.log') size 100m blocksize 512,
group 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/redo02a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/redo02b.log') size 100m blocksize 512,
group 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/redo03a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/redo03b.log') size 100m blocksize 512
maxlogfiles 5
maxlogmembers 5
maxloghistory 1
maxdatafiles 100
character set al32utf8
national character set al16utf16
extent management local
datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/system01.dbf' size 325m reuse
sysaux datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/sysaux01.dbf' size 325m reuse
default tablespace users
datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/users01.dbf'
size 500m reuse autoextend on maxsize unlimited
default temporary tablespace temp
tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/temp01.dbf'
size 20m reuse
undo tablespace undotbs
datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/undotbs01.dbf'
size 200m reuse autoextend on maxsize unlimited;
1.5创建spfile并启动实例，开始创建数据库
[oracle@db1 ~]$export oracle_sid=catadb [oracle@db1 ~]$sqlplus / as sysdba sql*plus: release 11.2.0.4.0 production on wed sep 20 10:42:56 2017 copyright (c) 1982, 2013, oracle. all rights reserved. connected to an idle instance. sys@catadb> create spfile from pfile; file created. sys@catadb> startup nomount; oracle instance started. total system global area 1068937216 bytes fixed size 2260088 bytes variable size 671089544 bytes database buffers 390070272 bytes redo buffers 5517312 bytes sys@catadb> @crdb.sql database created.
1.6执行手工建库后脚本
[oracle@db1 dbs]$ cat 1.sql @?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql conn system/oracle @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql sys@catadb> @1.sql doc>###################################################################### doc>###################################################################### doc> the following statement will cause an "ora-01722: invalid number" doc> error and terminate the sqlplus session if the user is not sys. doc> disconnect and reconnect with as sysdba. doc>###################################################################### doc>###################################################################### doc># no rows selected session altered. timestamp ------------------------------------------------------------ comp_timestamp catalg_bgn 2017-09-20 10:50:16 2458017 39016 package created. package body created. grant succeeded. synonym created. grant succeeded. table created. ...... ...... pl/sql procedure successfully completed.
1.7 确认建库成功
system@catadb> rem ========================================================================= system@catadb> rem end utlrp.sql system@catadb> rem =========================================================================== system@catadb> select * from v$version; banner -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle database 11g enterprise edition release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit production pl/sql release 11.2.0.4.0 - production core 11.2.0.4.0 production tns for linux: version 11.2.0.4.0 - production nlsrtl version 11.2.0.4.0 - production 5 rows selected. system@catadb> select open_mode from v$database; open_mode -------------------- read write 1 row selected.
二、创建catalog恢复目录
2.1 修改tnsnames.ora，添加catadb
[oracle@db1 admin]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin
[oracle@db1 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora network configuration file: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# generated by oracle configuration tools.
oradb3 =
(description =
(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = db1.us.oracle.com)(port = 1521))
(connect_data =
(server = dedicated)
(service_name = oradb3)
)
)
catadb =
(description =
(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = db1.us.oracle.com)(port = 1521))
(connect_data =
(server = dedicated)
(service_name = catadb)
)
)
2.2 创建catalog表空间
sys@catadb> create tablespace cat_tbs datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/catadb/cat_tbs01.dbf' size 100m; tablespace created.
2.3 创建catalog管理账户并授权
sys@catadb> create user catrman identified by oracle 2 temporary tablespace temp 3 default tablespace cat_tbs 4 quota unlimited on cat_tbs; user created. sys@catadb> grant recovery_catalog_owner,connect,resource to catrman; grant succeeded.
2.4 进入rman创建catalog，然后升级
[oracle@db1 admin]$ rman recovery manager: release 11.2.0.4.0 - production on wed sep 20 11:11:41 2017 copyright (c) 1982, 2011, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved. rman> connect catalog catrman/oracle connected to recovery catalog database rman> create catalog; recovery catalog created rman> upgrade catalog; recovery catalog owner is catrman enter upgrade catalog command again to confirm catalog upgrade rman> upgrade catalog; recovery catalog upgraded to version 11.02.00.04 dbms_rcvman package upgraded to version 11.02.00.04 dbms_rcvcat package upgraded to version 11.02.00.04 rman>
三、rman catalog 使用
3.1 注册目标数据库到catalog
[oracle@db1 ~]$ rman target / catalog catrman/oracle@catadb recovery manager: release 11.2.0.4.0 - production on wed sep 20 11:14:03 2017 copyright (c) 1982, 2011, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved. connected to target database: oradb3 (dbid=2731358481) connected to recovery catalog database rman> register database; database registered in recovery catalog starting full resync of recovery catalog full resync complete rman>
3.2 查看当前rman备份策略
rman> show all; rman configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name oradb3 are: configure retention policy to redundancy 1; # default configure backup optimization off; # default configure default device type to disk; # default configure controlfile autobackup off; configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '%f'; # default configure device type disk parallelism 1 backup type to backupset; # default configure datafile backup copies for device type disk to 1; # default configure archivelog backup copies for device type disk to 1; # default configure maxsetsize to unlimited; # default configure encryption for database off; # default configure encryption algorithm 'aes128'; # default configure compression algorithm 'basic' as of release 'default' optimize for load true ; # default configure archivelog deletion policy to none; # default configure snapshot controlfile name to '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_oradb3.f'; # default
3.3 开启控制文件自动备份
rman> configure controlfile autobackup on; old rman configuration parameters: configure controlfile autobackup off; new rman configuration parameters: configure controlfile autobackup on; new rman configuration parameters are successfully stored starting full resync of recovery catalog full resync complete rman>
3.4 开启rman备份优化
rman> configure backup optimization on; new rman configuration parameters: configure backup optimization on; new rman configuration parameters are successfully stored starting full resync of recovery catalog full resync complete rman>
3.5 指定备份与恢复操作中的并行（parallelism）度为2，即同时开,2个通道进行备份和恢复，可以加快备份速度
rman> configure device type disk parallelism 2 backup type to backupset; new rman configuration parameters: configure device type disk parallelism 2 backup type to backupset; new rman configuration parameters are successfully stored starting full resync of recovery catalog full resync complete rman>
3.6 查看修改后配置策略
rman> show all; rman configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name oradb3 are: configure retention policy to redundancy 1; # default configure backup optimization on; configure default device type to disk; # default configure controlfile autobackup on; configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '%f'; # default configure device type disk parallelism 2 backup type to backupset; configure datafile backup copies for device type disk to 1; # default configure archivelog backup copies for device type disk to 1; # default configure maxsetsize to unlimited; # default configure encryption for database off; # default configure encryption algorithm 'aes128'; # default configure compression algorithm 'basic' as of release 'default' optimize for load true ; # default configure archivelog deletion policy to none; # default configure snapshot controlfile name to '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_oradb3.f'; # default rman>
3.7 备份测试
[oracle@db1 ~]$ rman target / catalog catrman/oracle@catadb recovery manager: release 11.2.0.4.0 - production on wed sep 20 13:29:46 2017 copyright (c) 1982, 2011, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved. connected to target database: oradb3 (dbid=2731358481) connected to recovery catalog database rman> backup database plus archivelog; starting backup at 20-sep-17 current log archived allocated channel: ora_disk_1 channel ora_disk_1: sid=10 device type=disk allocated channel: ora_disk_2 channel ora_disk_2: sid=11 device type=disk channel ora_disk_1: starting archived log backup set channel ora_disk_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set input archived log thread=1 sequence=12 recid=1 stamp=955200594 channel ora_disk_1: starting piece 1 at 20-sep-17 channel ora_disk_1: finished piece 1 at 20-sep-17 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/oradb3/backupset/2017_09_20/o1_mf_annnn_tag20170920t132956_dw3z6o5j_.bkp tag=tag20170920t132956 comment=none channel ora_disk_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 finished backup at 20-sep-17 starting backup at 20-sep-17 using channel ora_disk_1 using channel ora_disk_2 channel ora_disk_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ora_disk_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradb3/system01.dbf input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradb3/test01.dbf input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradb3/example01.dbf ......