pl/sql基础之存储过程
存储过程:过程是用于完成特定任务的子程序(代码的集合)
/*
子程序的优点:1.模块化,将程序分解为逻辑模块;
2.可重用性,可以被任意数目的程序调用;
3,可维护性,简化维护操作;
4.安全性:通过设置权限,使数据更安全
*/
–存储过程1,打印helloworld
create or replace procedure my_pro is --用于声明一些变量 v_string varchar2(20) :='helloworld!'; begin dbms_output.put_line(v_string); end;
调用方式有三种:
begin my_pro;--这种方式调用无参的存储过程,括号可以省略 my_pro(); end;
call my_pro();--无参的也必须带括号
在command中输入 set serveroutput on execute my_pro();
–存储过程2,带参数的,默认是输入参数
create or replace procedure my_pro2(v_sal number)--参数,要制定类型,varchar不能指定长度 is v_sql varchar2(200); v_emp emp%rowtype; begin v_sql :='select * from emp where sal =: s'; execute immediate v_sql into v_emp using v_sal; dbms_output.put_line(v_emp.ename); exception when no_data_found then dbms_output.put_line('没有找到!'); end; select *from emp; call my_pro2(820);
–存储过程3,带参数,输入(in)和输出(out)参数,关键字:in out,不写默认是in
create or replace procedure my_pro3(v_sal number, v_name out emp.ename%type)--out is v_sql varchar2(200); begin v_sql :='select ename from emp where sal =: s'; execute immediate v_sql into v_name using v_sal; end;
–存储过程4,输入输出类型,in out,交换两个数
create or replace procedure swap(v_num1 in out number, v_num2 in out number)-- in out 顺序不能颠倒 as v_temp number; begin v_temp := v_num1; v_num1 := v_num2; v_num2 := v_temp; end;
–调用存储过程4
declare v_num1 number :='&num1'; v_num2 number :='&num2'; begin dbms_output.put_line('交换前:num1 = '||v_num1||'-----num2 = '||v_num2); swap(v_num1,v_num2); dbms_output.put_line('交换后:num1 = '||v_num1||'-----num2 = '||v_num2); end;
—存储过程5,计算总页数和总记录数
create or replace procedure countpageandrecords (tablename varchar2, pagesize number,totalrecord out number,totalpage out number) as v_sql varchar2(200); begin v_sql :='select count(*) from '||tablename; execute immediate v_sql into totalrecord; totalpage :=ceil(totalrecord/pagesize); --计算方式二 if mod(totalrecord,pagesize) =0 then totalpage := totalrecord/pagesize; else totalpage :=floor(totalrecord/pagesize)+1; end if; end;
–测试储过程5
declare tablename varchar2(50) :='&表名:'; pagesize number :='&分页单位:'; totalrecord number; totalpage number; begin countpageandrecords(tablename,pagesize,totalrecord,totalpage); dbms_output.put_line('总数为:'||totalrecord); dbms_output.put_line('总页数为:'||totalpage); end;